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Hadith
1913
Narrated Ibn `Umar (may Allah be pleased with them):The Prophet ﷺ said, "We are an illiterate nation; we can neither write nor calculate. The month is like this and this, i.e., sometimes of 29 days and sometimes of thirty days.".

Commentary :
Allah, Exalted is He, decreed that the sighting of the new moon (crescent) should be usedto determine the timings of the lunar months. The sighting of the crescent marks the end of one lunar month and the beginning of another. Based on this sighting, many religious obligations are determined, such as fasting and Hajj.
In this hadeeth, Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) stated that the Prophet ﷺ said: “We are an uneducated nation; we can neither write nor calculate,” meaning that we, as Arabs, are mostly uneducated or unlettered. The Arabic word ‘Ummi’ denotes “motherly,” which indicates the inability to read, write, or calculate.
Reference to arithmetic skills here means the use of astronomical calculation to track the movements of stars, lunar stages, and calculate times and dates. Arabs are predominantly unfamiliar with astronomical calculation, although a few have mastered it.
Therefore, Islam assigns clear signs and obvious marks for acts of worship that require no astronomical calculation. Then, the Prophet ﷺexplained by the use of sign language to clarify for both the deaf and the non-Arabs. He ﷺ said: “The lunar month is such and such.” The narrator said: “He ﷺ pointed with his hands to indicate that the lunar month is either twenty-nine or thirty days. He ﷺ first pointed with all ten fingers of his hands twice, and folded the thumb the third time, to indicate twenty-nine days; and then gestured with his two hands thrice, to indicate thirty days.
A lunar month does not exceed thirty days and is not less than twenty-nine days. The beginning of the month is marked by the sighting of the crescent after the sunset of the twenty-ninth day, and if the crescent is not sighted, the month is thirty days.
It is noteworthy that the description ‘Ummi (uneducated)’ is one of the attributes of perfection with which Allah, Exalted is He, endowed His Messenger ﷺ and praised him, even though it may be considered an attribute of imperfection with respect to others, because the practice of reading and writing is a means to acquire knowledge that often refines people’s personalities and elevates their status. Since Allah, Exalted is He, singled out the Prophet ﷺ for the earlier and latter knowledge without the need of learning how to read and write, it was a miracle in this respect, and an indication of the sincerity with which he ﷺ was described in the earlier heavenly books and by which was known to the previous nations. Allah, Exalted is He, Says (what means): {Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered prophet, whom they find written in what they have of the Torah and the Gospel…} [Quran 7:157].
In his case, illiteracy is perceived as one of his greatest miracles, and the greatest honor conferred upon him, although it is indicative of apparent deficiency and inability for others.
It is also deduced from the hadeeth that the use of sign language is allowable to explain unclear information..

1914
Narrated Aboo Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him): The Prophet ﷺ said, "None of you should fast a day or two before the month of Ramadan unless he has the habit of fasting (voluntary fasting) (and if his fasting coincides with that day) then he can fast that day.".

Commentary :
Allah, Exalted is He, decreed that the sighting of the new moon (crescent) should be usedto determine the timing of the lunar months. The sighting of the crescent marks the end of one lunar month and the beginning of another. Based on this sighting, many religious obligations are determined, such as fasting and Hajj.
In this hadeeth, Aboo Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) stated that the Prophet ﷺ forbade Muslims from fasting the day or two days before the month of Ramadan (the last day or two days of Sha’baan). It is not prescribed for Muslims to observe fasting at the end of Sha’baan as a precaution, because theobligatory fastingis contingent on the sighting of the moon and there should beno Takalluf (i.e., overburdening oneself with undue duties) involved, whether the sky is clear or cloudy.
He ﷺ specifically mentioned the last two days of Sha‘baan because doubt may arise on those two days if the sky happened to be cloudy (and it was not possible to sight the new moon clearly) for two or three months. He ﷺforbade fasting on these days for two reasons.First, for fear that this would involve adding extra days to the month of Ramadan.It was also forbidden to fast on the Day of ‘Eid for the same reason, and to avoid following the example of the People of the Book,who had fallen into adding to their obligatory fasting based on their personal whims and preferences. This is whyit is prohibited to fast on the Day of Doubt, i.e., the last day of Sha‘baan. Second, the religion made the obligatory fasting in Ramadancontingent on the sighting of the moon and fasting on the preceding day or two days implies challenging the rulings of Islam.
Then he ﷺmade an exception from this prohibition if a person is used to fasting on a specific day, such as the case of someone who habitually observes fasting on alternate days or on Mondays, if such were to coincide with these two days. In this case, there is no impediment to fasting on these days because it does not fall under the category of forbidden fasting (as intended in the hadeeth) as per the laws of Islam.
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1915
Narrated Al-Baraa’ (may Allah be pleased with him):It was the custom among the Companions of Muhammad that if any of them was fasting and the food was served (fast-breaking meal), but he slept before eating, he would not eat that night and the following day till sunset. Qays ibn Sirmah Al-Ansaaree was fasting and came to his wife at the time of Iftaar (fast-breaking meal) and asked her whether she had anything to eat. She replied, "No, but I would go and bring some food for you." He used to do hard work during the day, so he was overwhelmed by sleep and fell asleep. When his wife came back and saw him, she said, "Disappointment for you!" When it was midday on the following day, he fainted and the Prophet ﷺ was informed about the whole matter and the following ayah was revealed (which mean): {It has been made permissible for you the night preceding fasting to go to your wives [for sexual relations]…} [Quran 2:187] So, they were overjoyed by it, and then Allah also revealed: {And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]. Then complete the fast until the sunset...} [Quran 2:187]
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Commentary :
The wisdom of Allah, Exalted is He, entailed that the Quran should not be revealed all at once, but should rather be revealed on different occasions, to ensurethe gradual building and refinement of the Muslim community that He willed for Muslims.Therefore, the ayaat of the Quran were revealed to address the problems and emerging issues that arose.
In this hadeeth, Al-Baraa’ ibn ‘Aazib(may Allah be pleased with him)related that when fasting was first made obligatory (in Ramadan), any ofthe Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)who happened to sleep before breaking his fast would not eat that night and would fast the following day,eating onlyafter the Maghrib prayer of the following day! They had a limited window of time to break their fast; from Maghrib prayer to the time when they went to bed that night. If anyone happened to sleep before breaking his fast, he would carry on with fasting on the following day, and then break his fast on the following day.The same was true for engagement in sexual intercourse with their wives.
He (may Allah be pleased with him) also stated that Qays ibn Sirmah Al-Ansaaree(may Allah be pleased with him) was fasting oneday and went to his wife at the time of Maghrib prayer asking her for the Iftaar (fast-breaking) meal. She told him that she hadn’t any food butsought his permission to go and fetch him some. Exhausted after his workday, hefell asleep while waiting for her. When his wife came back and saw him asleep, she said: "Disappointment for you," meaning,“what a deprivation.” Thiswas a commonly used expression for someone who missed out on an attainment to which he aspired. Qays (may Allah be pleased with him)did not eat anything that night and woke up on the following dayand observed fasting. When hewas halfway through the day, he fainted, and the incident was reported to the Prophet ﷺ. On that occasion, Allah, Exalted is He, revealed the ayah that reads (meaning): {It has been made permissible for you the night preceding fasting to go to your wives [for sexual relations]. They are clothing for you and you are clothing for them. Allah knows that you used to deceive yourselves, so He accepted your repentance and forgave you. So now, have relations with them and seek that which Allah has decreed for you. And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]. Then complete the fast until the sunset. And do not have relations with them as long as you are staying for worship in the mosques. These are the limits [set by] Allah, so do not approach them. Thus does Allah make clear His ordinances to the people that they may become righteous.} [Quran 2:187].The ayah means that it is deemed allowable for you to engage in sexual intercourses with your wives, eat, and drink at any time of the night until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread (of night). At that point of the night, it is obligatory on them to abstain from eating, drinking and sexual intercourse until sunset. The Companions(may Allah be pleased with them)were overjoyed.

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1916
Narrated ‘Adiy ibn Haatim(may Allah be pleased with him):When the above ayahwas revealed (which means): {And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of the dawn],} [Quran 2:187] I took two (hair) strings, one black and the other white, and kept them under my pillow and went on looking at them throughout the night but could not make anything out of it! So, the next morning I went to Allah's Messenger ﷺ and told him the whole story. He ﷺexplained to me, "That ayah means the darkness of the night and the whiteness of the dawn.".

Commentary :
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was the source of knowledge for his Companions(may Allah be pleased with them); whenever they were confused regarding any of the laws of Islam or the meaning of any ayaatof the Quran, they turned to him for clarification and guidance, and he ﷺ would teach and guide them.
In this hadeeth, ‘Adiy ibnHaatim(may Allah be pleased with him)reports that when the following ayah was revealed (which means): {And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]} [Quran 2:187], it was prescribed for Muslims to eat and drink all night long until dawn, and prior to that they were only allowed to eat and drink after Maghrib prayer until they went to bed. Whenever any of them went to bed, it was not allowed to eat or drink on that night and on the following day as well (until the Maghreb prayer), as narrated in Saheeh Al-Bukhaaree. ‘Adiy ibn Haatim(may Allah be pleased with him) understood that the wording of the ayahto be literal,that it meant actualwhite and black threads, and that it is allowable to eat and drink until one could distinguish between them, i.e., after sunrise. Therefore, he brought two ropes (black and white ones) and put them under his pillow to preserve them so that he could easily look at them without having to get up. He would raise the pillow and look at them to determine the beginning of the fast day. After dawn,he would look at the two ropes, but hecould not distinguish the white from the black one, for the daylight was still faint.
Whereupon he (may Allah be pleased with him)went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺand told him the whole story. The Messenger of Allah he ﷺexplained that the correct meaning of theayahwas not to be able to see clearly actualwhite and black threads, but rather meant the ability to distinguish the blackness of the night from the whiteness of the morning, i.e., after dawn, and that the break of dawn was the time limit for the end of the night and the beginning of the morning.This means that whoever wishes to observe fasting is required to abstain from eating and drinking upon seeing that clear and prominent sign, i.e., the break of dawn..

1917
Narrated Sahl ibn Sa’d(may Allah be pleased with him):When the following ayah was revealed(which means): {And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread,} [Quran 2:187] some people who intended to fast, tied black and white threads to their legs and went on eating till they differentiated between the two. Allah then revealed the words, {[of the dawn]}, and it became clear that meant the night and day..

Commentary :
The Noble Quran was not revealed all at once, but was rather revealed to the Prophet ﷺon different occasions, and some ayaat were revealed to further explain and clarify others. The Companions(may Allah be pleased with them)hastened to comply with the divine commands revealed to them.
In this hadeeth, Sahl ibn Sa‘d (may Allah be pleased with him) related the occasion during which the following ayah was revealed. Allah, Exalted is He, Says (what means): {And eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct to you from the black thread.} [Quran 2:187].Some of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)understood the wording of the ayah literally, and that it meant actual white and black threads. Therefore, they would bring two threads (a black and a white one) and tie them to their feet and would eat and drink until they were able to differentiate between the black and white one (i.e., to determine the beginning of the fast day after dawn). Afterwards, Allah, Exalted is He, revealed the words {of the dawn} [Quran 2:187].in the ayah, and thereupon they learned that it does not referto actual white and black threads, but rather meant the ability to distinguish the blackness of the night from the whiteness of the morning, i.e., after dawn, and that the break of dawn was the time limit for the end of the night and the beginning of the morning. This means that whoever wishes to observe fasting is required to abstain from eating and drinking upon seeing that clear and prominent sign, i.e., the break of dawn.
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1923
Narrated Anas ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased with him):The Prophet ﷺsaid, "Eat Suhoor (pre-dawn meal) for indeed there is a blessing in it."
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Commentary :
The Prophet ﷺ did not leave any good pertaining to this worldly life or the Hereafter without guiding Muslims to it and urging them to abide by it.
In the hadeeth, the Prophet ﷺurgedand commanded those who wished to fast to eat the Suhoor (pre-dawn meal). He ﷺ said: “Eat Suhoor,”meaning the pre-dawn meal during the month of Ramadan(obligatory fasting) and otherwise (voluntary fasting). He ﷺ explained: “for indeed there is a blessing in it,”meaning that it abounds in good, benefits, and blessings. The blessings in Suhoor aretastededon account of following the Sunnah and going against the practices of the People of the Book, because they did not eat before dawn. It also helps the fasting person gain strength to be able to endure fasting, boosts his energylevels for the rest of the day, andempowers him to practice self-restraintand repel the urges toexhibit bad mannerstriggered by hunger. The blessings of Suhoor are also manifest in being a reason for giving charity to those who may ask for it at this time, or join him for the Suhoor meal, in reciting Thikr and supplications at a time when they are most likely accepted, and holding the intention of fasting for those who had forgotten to do so before going to bed on the previous night.
Emphasis is placed on eating the Suhoor meal because most people most likely sleep at this time;they may be overwhelmed by sleep and thus miss out on having thisimportant meal, causingthem to experience fatigue at daytime while performing their daily activities and work.
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1924
Narrated Salamah ibn Al-Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him):Once the Prophet ﷺordered a person on ‘Aashooraa’ (the 10th day of Muharram) to announce, "Whoever has eaten, should not eat any more, but observe fasting, and who has not eaten should not eat, but complete his fast (till the end of the day)”.
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Commentary :
The Day of ‘Aashooraa’ is one of the blessed days of Allah, Exalted is He, on which He saved His Prophet Moosaa from Pharaoh and his army. The Messenger of Allahﷺ fasted it, and commanded Muslims to fast as well. It was the first prescribed fast for Muslims before fasting was deemed obligatory in Ramadan.
In this hadeeth, Salamah ibn Al-Akwa‘ (may Allah be pleased with him) stated that the Prophet ﷺ sent a man, i.e., Hind ibn Asmaa’ ibn Haarithah Al-Aslamee(may Allah be pleased with him), as stated in Musnad Ahmad and other Hadeeth collections, to announce to people on the Day of ‘Aashooraa’, the 10th day of the sacred month of Muharram, that whoever had eaten on that day should abstain from eating for the rest of the day until the time of Iftaar, to honor the sacredness of this blessed day, and that whoever had not eaten yet should hold the intention of fasting and fast.
After the fasting of Ramadan was deemed obligatory, fasting on the Day of ‘Aashooraa’became optional.It has been reported that fasting on the Day of ‘Aashooraa’ expiates the sins committed during the previous year, as reported on the authority of Aboo Qataadah (may Allah be pleased with him) and narrated by Imam Muslim.
Many narrations have been reported regarding the reasons why the Prophet ﷺ fasted onthe Day of ‘Aashooraa’. For instance, it was narrated on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said:“When the Prophet ﷺ came to Al-Madeenah, he found (the Jews) fasting on the Day of ‘Aashooraa’ (i.e., 10th of Muharram). They used to say: "This is a great day on which Allah, Exalted is He, saved Prophet Moosaa and drowned the folk of Pharaoh. Moosaa observed the fast on this day, as a sign of gratitude to Allah." The Prophet ﷺ said, "I am closer to [Prophet] Moses than they!" So, he observed fast (on that day) and ordered the Muslims to fast on it.” [Al-Bukhaaree and Muslim].
Moreover, it was reported on the authority of Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)that the Prophet ﷺ said about the Day of ‘Aashooraa’: “That was a day on which the people of pre-Islamic days used to observe fast. So, he who amongst you likes to observe fast should do so, and he who does not like it should abandon it.” [Al-Bukhaaree and Muslim].
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1926
‘Aa’ishah and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them)said:At times, Allah's Messenger ﷺ used to get up in the morning in a state of Janaabah (i.e., post sexual-intercourse ritual impurity) after having sexual relations with his wives, take a bath and fast.
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Commentary :
The Companions sometimes held different opinions regarding certain issues, but they abided by the due Islamic etiquette of disagreement that the Prophet ﷺ taught them.
In this hadeeth, ‘Abd Al-Rahmaan ibn Al-Haarith, a Taabi‘i (Follower, from the generation of Muslims who followed the Companions), narrated thathe told Marwaan ibn Al-Hakam that the Mothers of Believers ‘Aa’ishah and Umm Salamah(may Allah be pleased with them) told him that the Prophet ﷺ sometimes woke upafter dawn in a state of Janaabah after having intimate relations with some of his wives,and that he ﷺ would perform Ghusl and observe fasting on that day, as long as he ﷺ had not eaten or drunk anything after dawn. This indicates the permissibility ofcommencing fasting while being in a state of Janaabah before performing Ghusl. The state of Janaabah refers to the post sexual-intercourse state of major ritual impurity experienced by whoever discharges(ejaculates) Manniy (semen) or engages in a sexual intercourse, and the Arabic word denotes the refrainment from prayer and certain worshipful acts until attaining ritual purity (by performing Ghusl).
When Marwaan ibn Al-Hakam, who was then the governor of Al-Madeenah,heard that, he made‘Abd Al-Rahman swear to tell this hadeeth to Aboo Hurayrah(may Allah be pleased with him) - for he used to give Fatwa (scholarly opinion) that whoever wakes upin a state of Janaabah in the morning, his fast on that day is not valid - because the wives of the Prophet ﷺwere the most knowledgeable in such matters. He added: “I urge you tosurprise Aboo Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him)with it,” and this could also mean to rebuke him with it.Marawaan made ‘Abd Al-Rahmaanswear to inform Aboo Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) of that hadeeth to investigate the relevant ruling further, to know whether or not he (may Allah be pleased with him)knew of another abrogated text, or one that abrogated this ruling, or warranted specification of its general indication or its interpretation to a different effect.
‘Abd Al-Rahmaan ibnAl-Haarith disliked doing what Marwaan ibn Al-Hakam asked him to do, and later on met with Aboo Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him)at the Miqaat of Dhul-Haleefah, theMiqaat of the people of Al-Madeenah who wish to perform Hajj or ‘Umrah.This place is currently known as Aabaar ‘Ali,a specified placeat the beginning of the route from Al-Madeenah to Makkah, about six miles (approximately 13 km) away from Al-Madeenah and two hundred miles (approximately 408 km) away from Makkah, and it is the farthest Miqaat from Makkah. Aboo Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) owned a plot of land there. ‘Abd Al-Rahmaan said to him, “I shall tell you something, and had not Marawaan urged me to do so, I would not have brought it up!” He then informed him of the statement the Mothers of the Believers ‘Aa’ishah and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them). Thereupon, Aboo Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) told him that Al-Fadhl ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allah be pleased with them) had reported to him that the Prophet ﷺ said that whoever wakes up in the morning of a fast day while being in a state of Janaabah, his fasting is invalid, but ‘Aa’ishah and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them) were more knowledgeable of such matters.A version of the hadeeth cited in Saheeh Muslim reads: “Narrated Aboo Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) ‘Have they said that?’ He (‘Abd Al-Rahmaan) replied: ‘Yes!’ Thereupon, Narrated Aboo Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) ‘They are more knowledgeable (of such matters)!’”
Clearly, they were more knowledgeable of such matters than Al-Fadhl (may Allah be pleased with them), and their statement in this regard is given precedence overothers, because they narrated it based on close observation of the Prophet’s private life, unlike others.
It is deduced fromm the hadeeth that Muslims should accept and embrace the truth and give up opinions that are proven wrong by means of sound argument and proof.
It is also inferred from it that it is permissible for scholars to visit therulers, discuss with them issues of knowledge, and obey them in what is permissible and good.
Finally, it is deduced that ifa religious ruling on a given matter is disputed, it should be referred to the ones who are most likelyknowledgeable of it.
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1927
‘Narrated Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her):
The Prophet ﷺ used to kiss and embrace (his wives) while he was fasting, and he had more power to control his sexual desires than any of you.”Narrated Jaabir (may Allah be pleased with him): "The person who discharges (semen) after casting a look (on his wife) should complete his fast.".

Commentary :
The Prophet ﷺ made clear for us the permissible and impermissible acts for a fasting person by means of his sayings and actions, and the honorable Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) reported such sayings and actions to us.
In this hadeeth, the Mother of Believers ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, clarified to us the allowable acts of intimacy between spousesduring fasting. She (may Allah be pleased with her) said: “The Prophet ﷺ used to kiss and embrace (his wives) while he was fasting,” meaning kissing ortouching (skin-to-skin contact), without engaging in sexual intercourse, such asforeplay and embracing. He ﷺ used to do so in the obligatory and voluntary fasting. She (may Allah be pleased with her) added: “… and he had more power to control his sexual desires than any of you,” meaning that he ﷺ had the best self-control ability to curb his sexual desires from invalidating his fast. The Arabic word ‘Al-’Irab’ used in the hadeeth refers to the sexual need or body part. The Mother of the Believers ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her)indicated by her saying: “… and he had more power to control his sexual desires than any of you,” that it is permissible to kiss and to engage in lesser acts of intimacy (without actually having sexual intercourse) for those who are able to control themselvesso that there is no fear of ejaculation or even having sex.
The hadeeth also highlights the good manners of the Prophet ﷺ and his kindness with his wives.
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1929
Zaynab(may Allah be pleased with her), the daughter of Umm Salamah, narrated that her mother said, "While I was (lying) with Allah's Messenger ﷺ underneath a woolen sheet, I got the menstrual bleeding, and then slipped away and put on the clothes (which I used to wear) in menses. He asked, "What is the matter? Did you get your menses?" I replied in the affirmative and then entered underneath that woolen sheet. I and Allah's Messenger ﷺ used to take a bath from one water pot and he used to kiss me while he was fasting.".

Commentary :
The Mothers of the Believers (may Allah be pleased with them), the wives of the Prophet ﷺ, reported to us manydetails of his private life with them. This has helped tofurther explain the laws of Islam and clarify for Muslims their religion.
In this hadeeth, the Mother of the Believers, Umm Salamah, Hind bint Aboo Umayyah(may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that while she was lying next to the Prophet ﷺ beneath a blanket or covering called ‘Al-Khameelah,’a black sheet made of wool or other fabric, she experienced the menstrual bleeding. Therefore, shegot up hurriedly anddiscreetly so thatno blood shouldreach the Prophet’s ﷺbody. It could also mean that she was disgusted to sleep next to him in such acondition. She (may Allah be pleased with her)took the clothes that she had prepared to wear during menstruation to put them on. Thereupon, the Prophet ﷺnoticed and said to her: "What is the matter? Did you get your period?" She (may Allah be pleased with her) replied in the affirmative and then he ﷺ asked her to come back to bed next to him underneath that woolen sheet (Khameelah).
She (may Allah be pleased with her)also stated that she and the Prophet ﷺ used to take a bath from one water pot while both were in a state of Janaabah. They used to share the same water pot during Ghusl and he ﷺused to kiss her while he was fasting, for he ﷺhad more power in controlling his sexual desires, and kissing his wives would not result in engaging in sexual intercourse during daytime of Ramadan, as the Mother of the Believers ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: “… and he had more power to control his sexual desires than any of you.” It is deduced therefrom that it is allowable for a Muslim man to kiss and engage in Mubaasharah (i.e., lesser acts of intimacy like kissing, embracing, and skin-to-skin contact without engaging in sexual intercourse) with his wife during daytime inRamadan, provided that he has the power to control himself and abstain from any act of intimacy where there is fear of ejaculation or engaging in sexual intercourse.
It is also inferred from the hadeeth that it is preferable for a woman to wear special clothes for menstruation, other than her usual clothes.
The hadeeth also underlines the good manners of the Prophet ﷺ and his kindness with his wives..

1938
Narrated Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allah be pleased with him):The Prophet ﷺhad Hijaamah performed on him while he was in the state of lhraam (i.e., ritual state of consecration), and also while he was observing fasting..

Commentary :
Hijaamah (cupping therapy)is one of the ancient forms of alternative medicine used to remove bad blood from the body.
In this hadeeth, ‘Abdullahibn ‘Abbaas(may Allah be pleased with them) informed us that the Prophet ﷺhad Hijaamah performed on him while he was in a state of lhraam (ritual state of consecration), and also while he was fasting.
The apparent indication of the hadeeth is that it refers to two sperate occasions. The version of the hadeeth cited in Saheeh Al-Bukhaaree reads: “The Prophet ﷺhad Hijaamah performed on his head while he was in a state of lhraam to cure migraine headaches. This took place in Lahy Jamal,a place between Makkah and Al-Madeenah, about seven miles (12 km) away from Al-Madeenah..

1940
Narrated Thaabit Al-Bunaanee:Anas ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased with him)was asked whether they believed that undertaking Hijaamah therapyis disliked for a fasting person. He replied in the negative and said, "No [not for a religious reason], except for fear of weakness.".

Commentary :
Hijaamah (wet cupping therapy) is one of the ancient forms of alternative medicine used to remove bad blood from the body.
In this hadeeth,the Taab’iee Thaabit Al-Bunaaneeinforms us that Anas ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased with him) was asked whether they believed that Hijaamah therapy was disliked for a fasting person during the lifetime of the Prophet ﷺ.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) clarifiedthat it was held as non-prohibitivelydisliked(Makrooh Tanzeehan) rather than prohibitively disliked (Makrooh Tahreeman), because it may cause fatigue during fasting, possibly drainingthe fasting person and requiringhim to getnutrients into his body (i.e., break his fast).
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1942
‘Narrated Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her):Hamzah ibn ‘Amr Al-Aslamee(may Allah be pleased with him) said, "O Allah's Messenger!I fast continuously."
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Commentary :
Islam commands Muslims to avail of their share of the worldly life, and not to neglect the right of Allah to be worshipped. Thus, it preaches harmonious balance between the life of the body and that of the heart. Some of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)used to abide by the original religious rulings rather than opting for concessionsgranted by the religion with the aim of drawing closer to Allah, without hindering their abilities to carry on with their normal everyday activities.
In this hadeeth, the Mother of the Believers ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) stated that Hamzah ibn ‘Amr Al-Aslamee(may Allah be pleased with him) told the Prophet ﷺ he used to fast continuously, meaning to fast all year long,except for days when fasting is deemed forbidden such as the two days of ‘Eid andthe days of Tashreeq (i.e., the 11th 12th and 13th of Thoo al-Hijjah).
A version of the hadeeth in Saheeh Al-Bukhaaree and Saheeh Muslim states that he (may Allah be pleased with him) said so to the Prophet ﷺ because hetravelled often and was asking about fasting while traveling. The Prophet ﷺ said: “You may fast if you wish or refrain from fastingif you wish!” As far as voluntary fasting while traveling is concerned, a person is given the choice to observe fasting or refrain from it. The prohibition of fasting continuously (all year long) has been reported in the Sunnah. It has been narrated on the authority of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr ibn Al-‘Aas (may Allah be pleased with them) that the Prophet ﷺ said to him: “There is no (reward for) fasting (for him) who fasts perpetually (all year long).” [Al-Bukhaaree and Muslim].
To reconcile between the two hadeeths,scholars have advised that the wisdom behind forbidding fasting perpetually (all year long) is that it drains a person and renders him unable to partake in Jihaad and fulfill the rights due on him. However, if someone has the physical strength to endure fasting all year long while fulfilling the rights due on him (and carry out his obligations), there is no harm in that..

1943
‘Aa’ishah(may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, said:“Hamzah ibn ‘Amr Al-Aslamee(may Allah be pleased with him)asked the Prophet ﷺ: "Should I fast while traveling?" The Prophet ﷺreplied, "You may fast if you wish, and you may not fast if you wish.”
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Commentary :
Travelling is a tortuous experience and it is usually accompanied by fatigue and hardship. Therefore, Allah, Exalted is He,has relieved travelersof certain religious duties and the Laws of Islamhas granted him legal concessions to eliminate such hardship. However, some of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) used to abide by the original religious rulings rather than opting for legal concessions granted by the religion with the aim of drawing closer to Allah.
 In this hadeeth, the Mother of the Believers ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) stated that Hamzah ibn ‘Amr Al-Aslamee(may Allah be pleased with him)asked the Prophet ﷺwhether or not he should fast while traveling. The Prophet ﷺ gave him the choice to fast or refrain from fasting while traveling. He ﷺ said: "You may fast if you wish, and you may not fast if you wish.”
Refrainment from fasting while traveling is a legal concession granted to the traveler, upon whom fasting is otherwise deemed obligatory. A traveler is given the choice between availing himself of this legal concession or abiding by the original ruling.
Hamzah ibn ‘Amr Al-Aslamee(may Allah be pleased with him)observed voluntary fasting often and it has been reported in Saheeh Al-Bukhaaree and Saheeh Muslim that he even used to fast continuously, meaning all year long, except for days when fasting is deemed forbidden, such as the two days of ‘Eidand the days of Tashreeq (i.e., the 11th 12th and 13th of Thoo al-Hijjah).
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1945
Narrated Aboo Al-Dardaa’ (may Allah be pleased with him):We set out with Allah's Messengerﷺon one of his journeys on a very hot day, and it was so hot that one had to put his hand over his head because of the severity of heat. None of us was fasting except the Prophet ﷺand Ibn Rawaahah (may Allah be pleased with him).
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Commentary :
Traveling is not free of physical and psychological hardship, and therefore, Allah, Exalted is He, relieved travelersof certain religious duties, and the Laws of Islam grants legal concessions to eliminate such hardship. However, some of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) used to abide by the original rulings rather than opting for legal concessions granted by the Laws of Islam whenever they were able to do so, with the aim of drawing closer to Allah.
In this hadeeth, Aboo Al-Dardaa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) related that they set off on a journey with the Prophet ﷺ on a very hot day during the month ofRamadan, as stated in the narration in Saheeh Muslim. It was so hot thatthe Companions had toput their hands over their heads because of the severity of the heat. None of them fasted on that day except for the Prophet ﷺ and‘Abdullahibn Rawaahah(may Allah be pleased with him).The rest of the Companions(may Allah be pleased with them) availed themselves of thelegal concession in this regard. Allah, Exalted is He, Says (what means): {…and whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal number of other days. Allah intends for you ease and does not intend for you hardship.} [Quran 2:185].
It has been reported that the Prophet ﷺ refrained from fasting during some of his travels and criticized those who were fasting, as narrated in Saheeh Muslim on the authority of Jaabir ibn ‘Abdullah(may Allah be pleased with them): “The Messenger of Allahﷺwent off to Makkah in Ramadan in the year of the Conquest, and they fasted until they arrived at Kuraa‘Al-Ghameem (i.e., a valley two stages from Makkah on the way to Al-Madeenah). He ﷺthen called for a cup of water which he raised until people looked at it, and then he drank. He ﷺwas told afterwards that some people had carried on with their fast (and had not broken it). Thereupon, heﷺ said, “Those are the disobedient ones; those are the disobedient ones.””
The reason the Prophet ﷺ described those people as ‘disobedient’ was that he ﷺ had commandedthem to break their fast and it was upon them to obey him. He ﷺ sometimes commanded Muslims verbally and sometimes tacitly by his actions.When he ﷺ broke his fast, this was a tacit command for themto avail themselves of the relevant legal concession so that they would gain strengthen forJihaad. Since these disobedient people refused to comply with his command, they fell into manifest error. They were described as ‘disobedient’ because in doing so they contravened the Laws of Islam..

175
As for Allah's saying, "And he certainly saw him in another descent." (An-Najm: 13), Abu Hurairah said, "He saw Gabriel, the Angel.".

Commentary : The journey of the Isra and Mi’raj was one of the miracles with which Allah supported His Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). He honored and ascended him with Gabriel, the Angel, to the highest heavens so he saw Paradise along with His greatest signs. In this hadith, Abu Hurairah interpreted Allah's saying, "And he certainly saw him in another descent." (An-Najm: 13) and said that was the second time the Prophet saw Gabriel, the Angel, in his real form. The first time was at the beginning of his prophethood when Gabriel filled the sky's horizon, so he did not mean he saw his God. Some scholars think he saw his God with his heart, not his eyes, based on a hadith in Sahih Muslim reported by Ibn Abbas. They said that Allah granted his heart a sight so that he could see Him with his heart as if he saw Him with his eyes. It was also said that Allah firmed his heart so he could realize what he would see with his eyes. It was narrated in Sahih Muslim that Abu Dharr said, "I asked the Prophet (ﷺ), 'Have you seen your God?' The Prophet said, 'I saw a light.'" This Prophetic expression may mean that he saw Allah's light or another light that prevented him from seeing Allah, as in another Muslim narration in which Abu Dharr reported that the Prophet said, "A light. How can see Him?!" He meant that he saw a veil of light prevented him from seeing Allah. The Companions and the scholars after them differed on that. Some confirmed it while others negated it. It was said that it is most likely that he saw his God, but they differed on how he saw Him. Some confirmed it was with heart while others confirmed it was with eyes..

176
As for Allah's saying, "The heart did not lie [about] what it saw." (An-Najm: 11) and "And he certainly saw him in another descent." (An-Najm: 11), Ibn Abbas said, "He saw him by his heart twice.".

Commentary : The journey of the Isra and Mi’raj was one of the miracles with which Allah supported His Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). He honored and ascended him with Gabriel, the Angel, to the highest heavens so he saw Paradise along with His greatest signs. In this hadith, Ibn Abbas interpreted Allah's saying, "The heart did not lie [about] what it saw." (An-Najm: 11) that the Prophet's heart did not lie about seeing his God. It was a real vision. He also interpreted Allah's saying, "And he certainly saw him in another descent." (An-Najm: 13) that the Prophet (ﷺ) saw his God with his heart, as in another narration in Sahih Muslim. It was said that Allah granted his heart a sight so that he could see Him with his heart as if he saw Him with his eyes or He firmed his heart so he could realize what he would see with his eyes. On the contrary, Abu Hurairah narrated in Sahih Muslim that the one who was seen was Gabriel, the Angel. In Sahih Muslim, Abu Dharr said, "I asked the Prophet, 'Have you seen your God?' The Prophet said, 'I saw a light.'" This Prophetic expression may mean that he saw Allah's light or another light that prevented him from seeing Allah, as in another Muslim narration in which Abu Dharr reported that the Prophet said, "A light. How can see Him?!" He meant that he saw a veil of light prevented him from seeing Allah. The Companions and the scholars after them differed on that. Some confirmed it while others negated it. It was said that it is most likely that he saw his God, but they differed on how he saw Him. Some confirmed it was with heart while others confirmed it was with eyes..

176
Ibn Abbas said, "He saw him by his heart.".

Commentary : The journey of the Isra and Mi’raj was one of the miracles with which Allah supported His Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). He honored and ascended him with Gabriel, the Angel, to the highest heavens so he saw Paradise along with His greatest signs. In this hadith, Ibn Abbas interpreted Allah's saying, "And he certainly saw him in another descent." (An-Najm: 13) and said, "He saw him with his heart." It was said that Allah granted his heart a sight so that he could see Him with his heart as if he saw Him with his eyes. It was also said that Allah firmed his heart so he could realize what he would see with his eyes. This contradicts another hadith in Sahih Muslim reported by Abu Hurairah that the one who was seen is Gabriel, the Angel, in his real shape. As a result, Abu Hurairah narrated, as in Sahih Muslim, that, "Abu Dharr said, 'I asked the Prophet, 'Have you seen your God?' The Prophet said, 'I saw a light.'" This Prophetic expression may mean that he saw Allah's light or another light that prevented him from seeing Allah, as in another Muslim narration in which Abu Dharr reported that the Prophet said, "A light. How can see Him?!" He meant that he saw a veil of light prevented him from seeing Allah. The Companions and the scholars after them differed on that. Some confirmed it while others negated it. It was said that it is most likely that he saw Him but they differed on how he saw Him. Some confirmed it was with heart while others confirmed it was with eyes. Finally, this hadith clarifies that the Prophet saw His God with his heart..

177
Aisha, Mother of the Believers, said, “If Muhammad ﷺ were to conceal anything which was sent to him, he would certainly conceal this verse: ‘And [remember, O Muhammad] when you said to the one on whom Allah bestowed favor and you bestowed favor, ‘Keep your wife and fear Allah,’ while you concealed within yourself that which Allah is to disclose. And you feared the people, while Allah has more right that you fear Him.’” (Al-Ahzab: 37).

Commentary : The Prophet Muhammad completely reported what Allah revealed to him. He was too trustworthy to conceal anything of the Quran. In this hadith, Aisha, Mother of the Believers, told us that if he, as a reliable person, had wanted to conceal any verse of the Quran, he would have concealed this verse, "And [remember, O Muhammad], when you said to the one on whom Allah bestowed favor and you bestowed favor, 'Keep your wife and fear Allah,' while you concealed within yourself that which Allah is to disclose. And you feared the people, while Allah has more right that you fear Him. So when Zaid had no longer any need for her, We married her to you in order that there not be upon the believers any discomfort concerning the wives of their adopted sons when they no longer have need of them. And ever is the command of Allah accomplished." (Al-Ahzab: 37) Allah reproached him and expressed what he concealed. The Prophet advised his companion Zaid ibn Haritha not to divorce Zainab bint Jahsh although Allah had informed him that Zaid would divorce her and he, the Prophet, would marry her afterward. The Islamic rule is that a Muslim cannot marry his son's wife or ex-wife. The Prophet adopted Zaid ibn Haritha to the extent that the latter was called Zaid ibn Muhammad. Allah wanted to abort the habit of adoption so He revealed to him that Zaid would divorce her and he, the Prophet, had to marry her to abort this habit, confirming that Zaid was not the Prophet's son. The Prophet (ﷺ) wanted to conceal these details lest the hypocrites may have accused him of marrying Zaid’s ex-wife although he prohibited this habit ahead. All of these divine procedures were for great wisdom as Allah stated, "... in order that there not be upon the believers any discomfort concerning the wives of their adopted sons when they no longer have need of them...." As a result, when Zaid complained to the Prophet about her, the Prophet advised him to keep her in spite of his previous knowledge of the details that Allah showed to him. The favor that Allah bestowed upon Zaid is Islam and the favor that the Prophet bestowed upon Zaid is emancipation. Allah blamed His Prophet for his trying to avoid people's blaming and saying: He commanded his son to divorce his wife so he could marry her afterward. Allah guided His Prophet that He has more right that he fears Him. It was not meant that the Prophet did not fear Allah while fearing people but it was meant that the Prophet feared people's comments while fearing Allah at the same time. It was not a sin, for Allah did not command him to ask His forgiveness. In fact, an act may not be a sin but there is another better act. A Muslim may be excused for some confusing matters that occur in his heart as long as he does not mean to commit a sin. The Prophet hid these details for fear that people would be confused about the above Islamic rule about adoption. Finally, the hadith confirmed that the Prophet is a human who has human attributes..

178
Abdullah ibn Shaqiq said, “I said to Abu Dharr, ‘Had I seen the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I would have asked him.’ He (Abu Dharr) asked, ‘What is that thing about which you would have asked him?’ He said, ‘I would have asked him, ‘Had you seen your Lord?’ Abu Dharr said, ‘In fact, I asked him and he replied, ‘I saw light.’”.

Commentary : The journey of the Isra and Mi’raj was one of the miracles with which Allah supported His Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). He honored and ascended him with Gabriel, the Angel, to the highest heavens so he saw Paradise along with His greatest signs. In this hadith, Abdullah ibn Shaqiq said to Abu Dharr that had he seen the Prophet, he would have asked him about something he wanted to know about. When Abu Dharr asked his explanation, Abdullah told him that he had wanted to ask the Prophet if he had seen his God. Abu Dharr confirmed that he had asked the Prophet the same question so the Prophet replied, "I saw light." This means that he saw nothing from Allah but light. Allah's light is a light befitting Him, without any interpretation. It was said that the light he saw was nothing but the veil between Allah and His servants, for Abu Musa Al-Ash’ary reported in Sahih Muslim that the Prophet said, "His veil is the light. If he were to remove it, the glory of his face would burn all of his creation, as far as his sight reaches." His sight is endless. The Companions and the scholars after them differed on that. Some confirmed it while others negated it. It was said that it is most likely that he saw Him but they differed on how he saw Him. Some confirmed it was with heart while others confirmed it was with eyes. Finally, this hadith clarifies that the Prophet saw His God with his heart..

179
Abu Musa narrated, “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up among us and said five things, ‘Verily, Allah, the Almighty, does not sleep and it does not befit him to sleep. He lowers the scale and raises it. The deed done during the night is taken up to Him before the deed done during the day, and the deed done during the day before the deed done during the night. His veil is the light (“the fire” as in another narration). If He were to remove it, the glory of his Face would burn everything of His creation as far as His gaze reaches.’”.

Commentary : The Prophet ﷺ used to choose suitable times to preach to his companions, remind them about Allah periodically, and teach them Allah’s unmatchable attributes. In this hadith, the companion Abu Musa Al-Ash’ary narrated that the Prophet ﷺ once delivered his companions five Islamic teachings. He told them that Allah never slept, for it was not appropriate for Him to sleep. Sleeping is an attribute of deficiency, which is impossible to be his attribute. Allah said, “Neither slumber nor sleep overtakes Him.” (Al-Baqarah: 255). Additionally, how does the Manager of the heavens and the earth sleep?! The Prophet ﷺ also told them that Allah possessed the scale of justice and provisions, so he restricted or expanded his bliss to his servants, out of his comprehensive wisdom. Also, the Prophet ﷺ informed them that his servant’s righteous or evil deeds done during the night were taken up to Him before those done during the day and vice versa. This indicates that all deeds are immediately raised to Him by His angels, without waiting for the day or night to be completed. There is no doubt that he knows all of these deeds before they are even taken up to Him. As a result, if a servant realizes this, he has to fear and take much care of Allah’s observation during the day and night. Also, the Prophet ﷺ informed them that there was a barrier between Allah and His creation which was the light or fire as in the other narration. There is no contradiction between the two words, for Allah called the lamp’s fire as light as in Surat An-Nour, unlike the dark fire of Hell, Allah forbid, which was not called a light. If Allah were to remove that veil, His face’s glory would burn everything of His creation as far as His gaze reaches. Allah’s sight is endless. Finally, this hadith contains the following benefits: (1) The humans cannot see Allah in this world, but Allah will honor whomever He wishes with this bliss in the Hereafter, (2) It proves the veil between Allah and his creation, in the way that befits him, without negating its meaning or comparing it with his creation’s attributes, (3) It proves some of Allah’s attributes such as: the face, sight, raising and lowering of the scale of justice, in the way that befits him, (4) It is impossible for Allah to sleep, for it is an attribute of deficiency, and (5) It proves that the servants’ deeds are submitted to Allah every day and every night..

181
Suhaib narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said, “When the people of Paradise enter it, Allah, the Most-High, asks them, ‘Do you wish Me to give you anything more?’ They answer, ‘Have You not brightened our faces? Have You not made us enter Paradise and saved us from Hell?’ Then the veil is lifted so they are not given something dearer to them than seeing their Lord, the Most-High.’” In another narration, “Then he (the Prophet) recited this verse, ‘For them who have done good is the best [reward] and extra.’” (Yunus: 26).

Commentary : Paradise is Allah's reward for His pious and faithful servants. Whoever wins Paradise after experiencing the horror of the Last Day knows the extent of Allah's grace upon him. However, He, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, provides his servants with another blessing. In this hadith, the Prophet told us that after the people of Paradise entered it, Allah would ask them as a prelude to a coming blessing, "Do you wish Me to give you anything more?” They would answer, "Have You not brightened our faces?" They referred to the verse, "But as for those whose faces will turn white, [they will be] within the mercy of Allah. They will abide therein eternally." (Aal-Imran: 107) They resumed, "Have You not made us enter Paradise and saved us from Hell?" Whitening their faces, granting them satisfaction, admitting them to Paradise, and saving them from Hell were their ultimate hope, but Allah's blessings are endless. Afterward, he would clear the veil of light in between so they could clearly see him, as stated in a hadith narrated by Imam Muslim. They did not imagine that there was not a blessing over entering Paradise so Allah would fulfill His promise and grant them the greatest blessing, as the Prophet said, "Indeed, you will see your God ..." (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim) They would not be given something dearer to them than seeing their God, the Most-High. In another narration, the Prophet “recited this verse, 'For them who have done good is the best [reward] and extra.'" (Yunus: 26) The "best" is their entering Paradise and the "extra" is their looking at their God, as Allah said, "[Some] faces, that Day, will be radiant, looking at their Lord." (Al-Qiyaama: 22, 23) So, he made it clear that the reward of those preferring Hereafter to the worldly life is to make their faces beautiful at that time. Additionally, they will enjoyably and clearly look at their God's unmatchable dazzling beauty. Finally, this hadith contains the following benefits: (1) It shows Allah's grace upon his servants of admitting them to Paradise, and (2) It proves that the believers will look at their God in Paradise..

187
Ibn Mas’oud narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “The last to enter Paradise will be a man who will walk once, fall once, and be scorched by Hell. Once crossing a bridge over Hell, he will go beyond it and say, ‘Blessed was He Who saved me from you. Allah gave me something He did not give to anyone earlier or later. ‘Then, a tree will be raised for him so he will say, ‘O God, bring me near this tree so I can enjoy its shade and drink its water.’ Allah, the Exalted, will say, ‘O son of Adam, if I grant you this, will you ask Me for something else?’ He will say, ‘No. my God.’ He will promise Him that he will not ask Him for anything else. His Lord will excuse him because he sees something he cannot resist its temptation. So He will bring him near it so he can enjoy its shade and drink its water. Afterward, a tree more beautiful than the first will be raised for him so he will say, ‘O God, bring me near this tree so I can enjoy its shade and drink its water. I will not ask you something else.’ He said, ‘O son of Adam, did not you promise me not to ask Me for anything else? If I bring you near it, you may ask me for something else.’ He will promise Him not to ask Him for anything else. His God will excuse him because he sees something that he cannot resist its temptation. He will bring him near it so he can enjoy its shade and drink its water. Then, a more beautiful tree than the first two will be raised for him at the gate of Paradise. He will say, ‘O God, bring me near this so I can enjoy its shade and drink its water. I will not ask You for anything else.’ He will say, ‘O son of Adam! Did you not promise Me not to ask Me for anything else?’ He will say, ‘Yes, my God. I will not ask You for anything else.’ His God will excuse him for He sees something that cannot resist its temptation. He will bring him near to it. Then, He will hear the voices of Paradise’s people and say, ‘O God, admit me to it.’ He will say, ‘O son of Adam, what will bring an end to your requests to Me? Will it please you if I give you the whole world and a like one along with it?’ He will say, ‘O God! Are You mocking me although You are the God of the worlds?!’ Ibn Mas'oud laughed and said to his audience, ‘Will you not ask me why I am laughing?’ They asked, ‘Why are you laughing?’ He said, ‘Here the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) laughed so we asked him, ‘Why are you laughing O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)?’ He answered, ‘Because of the laugh of the God of the worlds when he (the man) said, ‘Are You mocking me although You are the God of the worlds?!’ Allah will say, ‘I do not mock you but I have the power to do whatever I will.’”.

Commentary : Paradise is the house of eternal reward that Allah made for His pious and faithful servants. Whoever wins Paradise after experiencing the horror of the Last Day knows the extent of Allah's grace upon him. He is the Most Generous, the Most Merciful that bestows His blessings and rewards upon people and increases their dignity. In this hadith, the Prophet (ﷺ) related the story of the last person to enter Paradise. On his way to Paradise and during his walking over the bridge over Hell, he will sometimes walk, and fall on his face, out of fear and panic that he may fall into it. Sometimes, he will be scorched by Hell. Once crossing it, he will turn to it and say, ‘Blessed was He Who saved me from you.’ He will think that Allah gave him something that He did not give to anyone earlier or later. Afterward, he will not be satisfied with the bliss he would be granted but desire for more of Allah’s generosity. In the meanwhile, Allah will raise a tree for him so he will bring him near it, aiming to enjoy its shade and water. Allah will say to him, “O son of Adam, if I grant you this, will you ask Me for something else?’ The man will promise not to ask Him for anything else. Allah will excuse him because he sees something he cannot resist its temptation. Once again, a more beautiful tree will be raised for him and the same literal story will repeat. In the third time, Allah will raise for him a tree that will be more beautiful than the first two but this time it will be at Paradise’s gate. The same dialogue will repeat and Allah will bring him there. Once he enjoys this tree’s shade and hears the voices of the people of Paradise while enjoying its bliss and speaking to their wives and companions, he will ask Allah to admit him into Paradise. Thus, Allah will ask him, and He knows best, to clarify what makes him satisfied after these frequently fulfilled requests. Thereupon, Allah will promise to grant him the entire world and a like one along with it. Out of surprise and joy, the man will say, “Are You mocking me although You are the God of the worlds?!” At this point, Ibn Mas’oud laughed and imitated the Prophet’s laughter due to Allah’s laughter at this man’s expression. Allah’s laughter is different from people’s laughter, for it is a laughter that befits His perfection and majesty. Then, Allah will confirm that he does not mock but will fulfill His promise, for He is All-Powerful and nothing may deduct his dominion. The narration of Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudry in Sahih Muslim completes this story in which the Prophet narrates, “And Allah will remind him, ‘Ask such-and-such.’” It means that He will remind that man, who will be in the lowest rank of Paradise, of the blisses he may miss. Once clarifying all of his desires, Allah will promise to grant him this entire world with its tenfold. Then, he will enter his house in Paradise with his two wide-eyed wives with very white cornea and very dark pupils. They will say, “Praise be to Allah Who created you for us and created us for you.” Due to that huge bliss, he will think that he lives in the highest rank in Paradise. Finally, this hadith contains the following benefits: (1) People of monotheism will be temporarily punished in Hell and be admitted into Paradise when Allah wills, (2) It clarifies Paradise’s huge bliss in comparison to this worldly bliss, for the man who is in the lowest rank in Paradise will get the double of this entire worldly bliss, and (3) It urges people to frequently perform righteous deeds to get that bliss of Paradise..

189
Al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "The Prophet (ﷺ) Musa asked his God, 'Who is the lowest in rank among the people of Paradise?' He said, 'He is a man who comes after the people of Paradise were admitted to it and was told, ‘Enter Paradise.’ He says, ‘O God, how can I enter while all people get their abodes and take their shares.' It is said to him, 'Do you accept to have what a king had in the worldly life?' He says, 'O Lord, I accept.' He said, 'Then, you will have it, the same, the same, the same, and the same.' The man says after the fifth reward, 'O Lord, I accept.' He said, 'You will have his share and the tenfold along with whatever your soul desires and your eyes want.' He says, 'O God, I accept.' The Prophet Musa (ﷺ) asked, ''O God, who is the highest in rank?' He says, ‘They are those whom I chose, established their honor with My Hand, and sealed their bounties, which neither eye saw, an ear heard, nor a heart perceived.' The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'This Quranic verse confirms that, 'No person knows what is kept hidden for them of joy." (As-Sajda: 17).

Commentary : Paradise is the house of eternal reward that Allah made for His pious and faithful servants. Whoever wins Paradise after experiencing the horror of the Last Day knows the extent of Allah's grace upon him. He is the Most Generous, the Most Merciful that bestows His blessings and rewards upon people and increases their dignity. In this hadith, the Prophet (ﷺ) said that the Prophet Moses (ﷺ) asked his God about who would get the lowest status in Paradise. Allah answered him that he would be a man who came after the people of Paradise were admitted to it and Allah would, out of His grace, tell him to enter Paradise. The man wondered how he entered it after seemingly all people took their ranks and bounties. Allah asked him if he was content to have something like the property of a king. It is a huge grant for a man who thinks that there are no more ranks in Paradise. He answered, “O God, I am satisfied.” Out of his grace, he continued in his huge grants until he granted him five doubles of what a king’s property in the worldly life. The man answered, “O God, I am satisfied.” Moreover, Allah, the generous, increased his grants to be like a king’s property in the worldly life with a tenfold. He also confirmed to him that he would have whatever his soul desires and his eyes want, which was for all people of Paradise as well. He answered, “O God, I am satisfied.” Then, the Prophet Moses (ﷺ) asked his God about who was in the highest rank in Paradise. Allah answered that these were his allies that he selected. Their dignity and reward are unmatchable or unchangeable. Allah prepared for them in Paradise which neither eye saw, an ear heard, nor a heart perceived. This Quranic verse confirms this meaning, “No person knows what is kept hidden for them of joy." (As-Sajda: 17) Allah concealed their rewards as they concealed their righteous deeds in the worldly life, out of sincerity. The reward is of the same type as the work. This hadith contains the following benefits: (1) Paradise has ranks and levels, (2) It proves the attribute of Allah’s hand in a way that befits His majesty, without similarity or negation, and (3) It urges people to frequently perform righteous deeds to get that bliss of Paradise..

190
Abu Dharr said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'I know the last of the inhabitants of Paradise to enter it and the last of the inhabitants of Hell to come out of it. He is a man who will be brought on the Day of Resurrection then it will be said, 'Present his minor sins to him and withhold his major ones from him.' His minor sins will be presented to him. It will be said, 'On such and such a day, you did so and so and on such and such a day, you did so and so.' He will say, 'Yes." He cannot deny it. He will be afraid of his major sins to be presented. It will be said to him, 'You will have a good reward for every evil deed.' He will say, 'My God, I have done things I do not see here.' Verily, I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ laugh till his front teeth were exposed.".

Commentary : Paradise is the house of eternal reward that Allah made for His pious and faithful servants. Whoever wins Paradise after experiencing the horror of the Last Day knows the extent of Allah's grace upon him. He is the Most Generous, the Most Merciful that bestows His blessings and rewards upon people and increases their dignity. In this hadith, the Prophet (ﷺ) informs us that he knows the last person to enter Paradise and the last person to come out of Hell. He is a Muslim who will be punished in Hell due to his sins. When Allah wants to have mercy on him, He will take him out of Hell to admit him to Paradise. At that time, Allah will command his angels to present to him his minor, not major sins. This may to make him avoid despair at Allah's mercy or due to wisdom that Allah only knows. His evil minor sins will be in detail presented to him based on time and way of committing them. He will acknowledge them without any form of denying. He will be also afraid of his major ones to be presented, for the torment will be greater and more severe. Due to Allah’s mercy, it will be said, "You will have a good reward for every evil deed." In another narration of Abu Awanah, “So if Allah wants good for him, He will say, "Give him a good reward for every evil deed.” As a result, his minor sins will be replaced with good rewards. At that time, the servant will acknowledge his major sins that he was afraid of, hoping Allah's mercy. Thus, the Prophet (ﷺ) laughed until his molars became visible, which is a metaphor for his intense laughter and astonishment. Finally, this hadith contains the following benefits: (1) It shows Allah's mercy upon people, and (2) It encourages people to frequently perform righteous deeds to enjoy the bliss of Paradise..

191
Abu Az-Zubeir reported that he heard Jaber ibn Abdullah said, when being asked about people’s crossing (over Hell on the Day of Resurrection), “We will come on the Day of Resurrection over a mound above people. All nations will be called along with the idols they worshipped, one after another. Then, our God will come to us and say, ‘Whom are you waiting for?’ They will say, ‘We are waiting for our God.’ He will say, ‘I am your God.’ They will say, ‘(We are not sure) till we gaze at you.’ He will manifest Himself to them smilingly then go along with them and they will follow Him. Every person, a hypocrite or a believer, will be granted a light to follow. There will be spikes and hooks on the bridge of Hell, which will catch whom Allah wills. Then, the hypocrites’ light will be extinguished but the believers will be saved. Their first group consists of seventy thousand whose faces will be like the full bright moon. They will not be held accountable. The second group will be like the brightest star in heaven and so on. Then, it will be the time of intercession. They (the intercessors) will be interceding till he who declared, ‘There is no god but Allah’ while having goodness in his heart like the weight of a barley grain will get out of Hell. They will be brought to the courtyard of Paradise then the people of Paradise will sprinkle water over them till they sprout like a little plant due to the flood water and their burns will disappear. Then, he will be asking (for his God’s bounties) till he is granted the entire world along with ten doubles.”.

Commentary : Paradise is the house of eternal reward that Allah made for His pious and faithful servants. Whoever wins Paradise after experiencing the horror of the Last Day knows the extent of Allah's grace upon him. He is the Most Generous, the Most Merciful that bestows His blessings and rewards upon people and increases their dignity. In this hadith, Abu Az-Zubeir reported that Jaber ibn Abdullah was asked about people’s crossing over Hell on the Day of Resurrection, which was mentioned in Allah’s verse, “There is not one of you, but will pass over it (Hell): this is with your Lord; a Decree which must be accomplished.” (Maryam: 71) Jaber answered that Muslims would come on the Day of Resurrection over a mound above people. Ka’b ibn Malek narrated in Musnad Ahmad that the Prophet said, “People will be resurrected on the Day of Resurrection. I and my nation will be over a hill.” Imam At-Tabary mentioned in his explanation of the Quran that Ibn Umar said, “He and his nation will rise over a hill above the people.” Jaber told that all nations would be called on that day along with the idols they worshipped, as a sign of shame and humiliation. On that day, they would bitterly regret when knowing they were false gods without any benefit. As for the believers, Jaber told that they only followed Allah so they would be waiting their God to follow. Allah would come to them in a way befitting his majesty and asked them about whom they were waiting for. They would answer Him that there were waiting for their God. Once He informed them that he was their God, they would ask Him to for looking at His noble face to recognize Him, as described to them in the Quran and Prophetic tradition. He would manifest Himself smiling to them in a way befitting Himself then go with them. Every person, a hypocrite or a believer, would be granted a light to follow. As for the believer, his light would be according to his faith in Allah, but the hypocrite would be deceived with an unrealistic light as he did with the believers in the world by displaying his faith. All would follow their lights until reaching the bridge over Hell. There would be spikes and hooks on that bridge to catch whom Allah willed. At that hard time, the hypocrites’ light would be extinguished as a recompense to their hypocrisy but the believers would be saved. The hypocrites would not be able to cross the bridge because of the hooks throwing them into Hell. The faces of the first believing saved group would be like the full bright moon, out of Allah’s grace. They would be seventy thousand who would not be held accountable out of their prestige with Allah, for all of their deeds were acceptable. The faces of the second believing saved group would be like the brightest star in heaven, which had less light. The rest of people would cross according to their deeds. Later, Allah would allow people to intercede. The Prophets, angels, and the believers would intercede with Allah to get people out of Hell. The intercessors would be interceding even for he who declared, ‘There is no god but Allah’ while having goodness in his heart like the weight of a barley grain, which was a sign of Allah’s mercy to His servants. They would be saved from Hell and brought to a wide place in Paradise. The people of Paradise would start to sprinkle water over them. Their burned bodies would be healed and sprout like a little plant due to the flood water. Ibn Masoud narrated in the Two Sahihs that the Prophet showed that one of them would ask for Allah’s bounties of Paradise. As a result, Allah would grant him the entire world along with ten doubles. Finally, this hadith contains the following benefits: (1) It proves some attributes to Allah like laughter, coming, and manifestation, (2) It proves the believers’ seeing their God on the Day of Resurrection, (3) It proves intercession, (4) Paradise exists now, and (5) The believers will get rid of hypocrites on that day..

191
Yazid al-Faqir said, "I was admired by an opinion of Khawarij. I set out in a large group intending to perform pilgrimage, then declare that to people. We passed by Medina and found Jaber ibn Abdullah ( sitting against a pillar and narrating the Prophet's hadiths to people. When Jaber mentioned the people of Hell, I said, 'O the Prophet's companion, how are you narrating that although Allah said, '“Our Lord! Verily, whom You admit to the Fire, indeed, You have disgraced him" (Aal-Imran: 192) and "Every time they wish to get away therefrom, they will be put back thereto." (As-Sajda: 20)? Jaber asked me, 'Did you read the Quran?' I answered, 'Yes." He asked, 'Did you hear about the exalted position of the Prophet Muhammad (i.e. in the hereafter)?' I answered, 'Yes.' He said, 'Verily, it is the Prophet Muhammad's position through which Allah will bring out (from Hell) whomsoever He wants.' Then, he described the bridge and passing people over it. I am afraid I may not have remembered so but he claimed that Allah would get some people out of Hell. They would get out of it as if they were the wood of the ebony tree. Then, they would bathe in a river in Paradise and get out as if they were papers. We then asked ourselves, 'Woe be upon you! How can you think that this old man tells a lie against the Messenger of Allah?’ We all left that (doctrine of Khawarij) except one man..

Commentary : Paradise is the house of eternal reward that Allah made for His pious and faithful servants. Whoever wins Paradise after experiencing the horror of the Last Day knows the extent of Allah's grace upon him. He is the Most Generous, the Most Merciful that bestows His blessings and rewards upon His servants and increases their blessings and dignity. In this hadith, Yazid Al-Faqir (a companion of the Prophet's companions) narrated that he admired an opinion of the Kharijites. They are one of the sects of heresies with whom Muslims are afflicted. Although they are frequently practicing Islamic rites, they think that some Muslims are infidels and will eternally remain in Hell due to their committing major sins. Thus, they do not hesitate to shed their blood. This is a false doctrine that contradicts the Quran and the Sunnah. Yazid traveled with a large group from Kufa to Mecca to perform pilgrimage and call people to this misleading doctrine. On their way to Mecca, they passed by Medina and found Jaber ibn Abdullah sitting against a pillar and narrating the Prophet's hadiths to people. Jaber confirmed that some people would initially get into Hell due to their sins, and then get out after being punished. Allah would admit them to Paradise with His mercy. They would be in the lowest status in Paradise. Yazid refused and confirmed to Jaber that this doctrine of proving intercession contradicted Quranic verses like: “Our Lord! Verily, whom You admit to the Fire, indeed, You have disgraced him" (Aal-Imran: 192) and "Every time they wish to get away therefrom, they will be put back thereto." (As-Sajda: 20) Afterward, Jaber asked him, "Did you read the Qur’an?” Yazid replied, "Yes." Jaber asked him if he heard about the Prophet's exalted position that Allah would grant him in the hereafter as in Allah's truthful promise in the Quran, "It may be that your Lord will raise you to a station of praise." (Al-Isra: 79) It is his status of great intercession for which all people will praise him. Yazid replied, "Yes." Jaber told him that it would be his status of intercession through which Allah would bring out from Hell whomever He wants. Afterward, Jaber described the bridge over Hell through which people would cross it. Yazid was afraid that he may have forgotten some of Jaber's words about the bridge, but he confirmed that Jaber claimed that some people, due to Allah's mercy, would get out of Hell as if they were the wood of the ebony tree, i.e. black, bathe in a river in Paradise, then get out as if they were thick white papers, preparing themselves to get Paradise, as proven in other narrations. Yazid added that they believed Jaber’s words and did not think that he told lies. As a result, Yazid and his friends repented to Allah and came back after performing pilgrimage without calling to the doctrine of Kharijites except one man. Finally, this hadith contains the following benefits: (1) It proves the Prophet's intercession on the Day of Resurrection, (2) It proves the bridge over Hell in the hereafter, and (3) It proves that disobedient believers will enter Paradise after being initially punished in Hell..

192
Anas ibn Malek narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Four persons will be brought out from Hell and presented to Allah. One of them will turn and say, ‘O my Lord, if you bring me out from it, do not throw me back into it.’ Then Allah rescues him from it.”.

Commentary : If a Muslim hopes and has good thoughts about Allah, He will accept his deeds and respond to him, for He is Most Compassionate and Merciful to His servants. He created Paradise as an abode of eternal bliss for His pious servants and Hell as a punishment for His disobedient and disbelieved servants. Whoever witnesses Hereafter's terrors and wins Paradise exactly knows Allah's grace and favor upon him. In this hadith, the Prophet (ﷺ) informed that there would be four men getting out of Hell on that day. It is said they will be the last ones getting out of it. They would be presented to Him to be reckoned. Allah's command would be that they would be punished in Hell for their sins although they believe in Allah. Afterward, one of them would turn to Allah - after being commanded to go to Hell as a test, as Ahmad's narration mentioned, and call Allah: O Allah, I was hoping if you got me out of it, you would not return me to it. As a result, Allah would save him from Hell and admit him to Paradise as in the narration of Ibn Hibban. Finally, this hadith contains the following lessons: (1) Allah's extraordinary generosity, (2) The virtue of having good thoughts about Allah, and (3) Urging the generous people to complete their grants, for those who bestow grants do not follow them with the opposite..

195
Abu Huraira and Hudhaifa narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said, "When Allah, the Almighty, gathers people, the believers will stand till Paradise is brought near them. They will come and say to Adam, 'O father, open Paradise for us.' He will say, 'Did you get out of Paradise but due to your father Adam’s sin? It is not my position to do so. Go to my son Ibrahim, the Friend of Allah.' Ibrahim said, 'It is not my position to do so. I was a friend (of Allah) beyond a veil. Go to Moses with whom Allah conversed.' They will come to Moses who will say, 'It is not my position to do so. Go to Jesus, the word and spirit of Allah.' Jesus will say, 'It is not my position to do so.' They will go to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. He will stand and be permitted (to open Paradise's door). Trustworthiness and kinship will be dispatched to stand on the right and left of the Path (over Hell). The first of you will pass just like the lightning." Abu Huraira asked, "You are dearer to me than my father and my mother! Which thing is like the passing of lightning?" The Prophet resumed, "Did you not see how the lightning passes back and forth in the twinkling of an eye? Then (they will pass) like the passing of the wind, like the passing of a bird, and like fast persons, each according to his deeds while your Prophet is standing at the Path saying, 'O God, save us, save us!' (The people will be passing) till the servants' deeds weaken to the extent that a man cannot walk (on that Path) but crawlingly. There are suspended hooks on the Path's sides which are commanded to catch whoever they are required to catch. Some will be scratched and saved while others piled up in Hell." Abu Hurairah said, "By Him in Whose Hand is the life of Abu Huraira, Hell is seventy years deep.".

Commentary : Allah is Most Compassionate and Merciful to His servants, whose mercy encompasses all things. He made Paradise the abode of eternal bliss for His pious servants and Hell the punishment for His disobedient and disbelieved servants. Whoever witnesses Hereafter's terrors and wins Paradise exactly knows Allah's grace and favor upon him. In this hadith, the Prophet ﷺ informed us about some events on the Day of Resurrection. On that day, Allah will bring his believing servants near Paradise to the extent that they will be deeply eager to enter it to avoid the terrors of that day. As a result, they will be searching for whoever intercedes for them with Alah to finalize recking people. Anas narrated, as in Sahih Muslim, that the Prophet ﷺ said, "So they will be concerned or inspired and say, 'If only we intercede with our God so that He relieves us from our current place." The meaning is either: (1) They will be concerned with interceding with Allah to end the distress they are suffering from, or (2) Allah will inspire them to intercede with him. They will ask some Prophets to intercede with Allah to enter them to Paradise. They will ask Prophet Adam, Father of humankind, but he will decline and remind them about his sin of eating the forbidden tree. He will confirm that it is not his position to do so. The position he mentions is the greatest position of intercession called the Praiseworthy Position. It is narrated in Bukhari and Muslim that Prophet Adam said, "Verily, my God is angry to an extent to which He had never been angry before nor would He be angry afterward. Verily, He forbade me (eating from) the tree, but I disobeyed. Myself! (thrice) Go to someone else." He will guide them to go to Prophet Ibrahim. He was a close friend to Allah, one of the best Prophets, and a grandfather of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. When asking him to intercede with Allah, he will decline and confirm it is not his position to do so, out of modesty, for he was a close friend to Allah, but Allah spoke to him beyond a veil. He will remind them that he lied three times as narrated in the Two Sahihs that the Prophet ﷺ said, "The Prophet Ibrahim never lied but thrice. Two of them were for the sake of Allah when he said, 'Verily, I am sick,' 'Nay, this one, the biggest of them (idols) did it,' and the last one was for Sara (his wife)." He will guide them to go to Prophet Moses with whom Allah spoke without an intermediary or a veil. Allah says, "And to Moses, Allah spoke directly." (An-Nisa: 164) Speech is a proven attribute for Allah and is not similar to others' speech. In the Two Sahihs, they will come and say to Moses, "O Musa! You are the Messenger of Allah whom He distinguished above the people with His Message and His Speech ... He answered, 'Indeed I killed a person whom I was not ordered to kill.'" He will inform them that it is not his position to do so and guide them to go to the Prophet Jesus. In the Two Sahihs, they will say, "O Jesus, you are the Messenger of Allah, His Word which He placed into Mariam, and a Spirit from Him. You spoke to people in the cradle ... He will not mention a sin.” Abu Saeed narrated as in Sunan At-Termidhi that Jesus will say, “I was worshiped besides Allah.” He will inform them that it is not his position to do so. Jesus said, as Anas reported in the Two Sahihs, "But go to Muhammad ﷺ, a servant whose previous and future sins were forgiven.” In Bukhari's narration, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, "So they will come to me and I will prostrate under the throne. It will be said, 'O Muhammad ﷺ, raise your head, intercede and you will be granted intercession, and ask and you will be granted.’” He will intercede to remove people's distress and sorrow. He will be allowed to enter Paradise as it is apparent in the hadith or granted his promised position of intercession. Also, both trustworthiness and kinship will be dispatched to stand on the right and left of the bridge over Hell, for their high prestige. They will stand there waiting for the trustworthy, traitors, those fostering and breaking ties of kinship. They will support those keeping them and witness against those violating them. Afterward, people will begin to pass the bridge over Hell. The first will rapidly pass just like the lightning without being scratched by fire flames, some will pass like the wind, some will pass like a bird, and some will pass as fast persons, each according to his deeds, out of Allah's mercy and justice. The Prophet ﷺ will be standing at the bridge supplicating Allah, "O God, save us, save us," out of his compassion and mercy for people. Once their deeds weaken, some people will pass crawlingly while others may be caught and thrown to Hell or scratched by suspended hooks on the bridge's sides as Allah commands. Abu Huraira swore that Hell is seventy years deep. Finally, this hadith contains the following benefits: (1) It proves the Prophet's intercession, (2) It clarifies the virtue of trustworthiness and kinship, (3) It confirms the reality of the bridge over Hell, (4) It shows the different types of people passing over the bridge, (5) It explains the virtue of Prophet Moses for his speaking to Allah, and (6) One should supplicate Allah according to the situation he experiences..

196
Anas ibn Malek narrated, “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘I will have the most followers in comparison with other prophets on the Day of Resurrection and the first to knock at the door of Paradise.”.

Commentary : The Prophet's merits are great and supreme. He was sent to all people including Jews and Christians. All people must believe and follow him. This hadith shows some of his virtues on the Day of Resurrection. He will have the most followers on that day in comparison with other prophets. It means that having more followers means having a supreme prophet so Allah dignifies this Muslim nation for dignifying his Prophet. No nation will be like his nation, for it will form half of Paradise's people as in the two Sahihs. Moreover, he will be the first to knock at Paradise's door then its guard will open it for him. Finally, this hadith shows how Allah will dignify his Prophet with most followers and his being the first one to enter paradise..