Section IV: Shortcomings in Prayer
Firstly: Missing an integral of prayer forgetfully
Whoever forgetfully misses an integral of prayer – other than the opening Allahu Akbar – must perform it and everything that follows it unless the proper place of its performance has passed. [408] Though they differ regarding at which point one can no longer make up the missed integral. This is the position of the majority: the Malikis, Shafi`is, and Hanbalis.
Secondly: Ruling of the prostration of forgetfulness for missing an integral
Whoever misses an integral of prayer – such as bowing or prostrating – must perform it. The prostration of forgetfulness does not make up for it. Consensus on this was related by Ibn `Abd al-Barr.
Thirdly: Ruling of the prostration of forgetfulness for missing a wajib act
It is wajib to perform the prostration of forgetfulness whenever a wajib act of prayer is omitted forgetfully.
[409] Though those who hold this opinion differ on what the wajib acts of prayer are. This is the position of Hanafis, Hanbalis, Ibn Baz, and Ibn `Uthaymin.
Fourthly: Ruling of the prostration of forgetfulness for missing a Sunnah act
The prostration of forgetfulness is legislated for one who misses a sunnah act of prayer, but it is not wajib. This is the position of the Hanbali school. It is the position of choice of Ibn Baz and Ibn `Uthaymin.
feqhia
