Overall meaning : The Almighty declares that He sent down the Torah containing guidance and light, by which the prophets, whom He sent to the Jews and who surrendered themselves to Him, judged for them, and so did the scholars and rabbis, inasmuch as His Book had been entrusted to their care, they were commanded to convey it and they bore witness to its truth. Then He forbids Jewish scholars to fear people when it comes to implementing the laws laid out in the Torah but to fear Him alone, and warns them against forsaking the judgments in His Book for the sake of trifling and transient worldly gains, stressing that those who not judge by what He has sent down are indeed unbelievers.
He further explains that He decreed retaliation in kind in the Torah for the Jews: a life for a life in the case of unjust, deliberate murder, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth and a wound for a wound. As for those who waive their right to retaliation and pardon their offenders, He asserts, He will forgive their sins in return for their forgiving their offenders, pointing out that those who do not judge by what He has sent down are indeed wrongdoers