Overall meaning : Allah, Glorified and Exalted be He, forbids His believing servants from supporting the Jews and the Christians, stating that the Jews support one another and the Christians support one another as well. He warns that however among the Muslims supports the Jews and Christians against their fellow Muslims is indeed one of them, and declares that He does not guide the wrongdoers who thus support the People of the Book.
Allah Almighty then addresses His Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying: Yet you see, Muhammad, that the hypocrites, who harbour doubts and suspicions in their hearts, are quick to support and assist the Jews and Christians, saying, in an attempt to justify their shameful deeds, that they only hasten to support them for fear that misfortune might befall them—such as when these unbelievers clinch victory over the Muslims, in which case the favour they have done the unbelievers will benefit them then. Allah rejects such a flimsy excuse, saying:  But it may well be that Allah will grant Muslims victory over the Jews and the Christians and others, or bring about some event of His own making which will lead to their destruction or expose them, and then these hypocrites who support the Jews and Christians find themselves utterly regretful for the evil thoughts which they have secretly harboured in their hearts.
The believers, rather surprised at the situation of the hypocrites after their secret thoughts are exposed, will then say to one another, ‘Are these the men who solemnly swore by Allah they were fellow believers and would stand by us?!’ Their good deeds have been in vain and have gone unrewarded, and so they have turned out to be losers.