Names
This surah is called Surat Ibrahim. [130] See: Al-Fayruzabadi: Basa?ir Dhawi At-Tamyiz, 1/268.
Makki or Madani?
Surat Ibrahim is Makki, and it was narrated that there was consensus on its being Makki except for one verse or ? it was said ? two verses. [131] See: Abu ?Amr Ad-Dani: Al-Bayan fi ?Addi Ayi Al-Qur?an, p. 171; Tafsir Ibn Al-Jawzi, 2/503; Al-Fayruzabadi: Basa?ir Dhawi At-Tamyiz, 1/268.
Objectives
The most important objectives of Surat Ibrahim include:
Reminding people of the blessings that Allah, may He be Glorified and Exalted, has bestowed upon people, urging them to give thanks for them, and warning them against denying them and being ungrateful for them. [132] See: At-Tantawi: At-Tafsir Al-Wasit, 7/507.
Explaining the nature of the message, that the call of the messengers is one and the same, their striving against those who opposed them and the bad end of their opponents.
Topics?????
The most significant topics addressed in Surat Ibrahim include:
That the Holy Qur?an is a book of guidance and clarity; that Allah, may He be Glorified and Exalted, has sovereignty over the heavens and the earth; and that He sent the messengers speaking the language of their people, so that they might explain to them what Allah, may He be Glorified and Exalted, wants from them.
The story of Musa (peace be upon him) and the blessing that Allah bestowed upon his people when he saved them from the people of Pharaoh; stories of some of the prophets with their people; examples of debates that took place between the messengers and those to whom they were sent; Allah?s punishment of the wrongdoers and disbelievers.
The argument between those among the people of Hell who were weak and those who were arrogant; the Shaytan?s arguing with them in the Fire; the condition of the people of Paradise and what they will have of eternal bliss; the likeness of words of faith and of disbelief; the condition of the disbelievers, and that they repaid Allah?s blessings with ingratitude, and caused their people to dwell in the abode of ruin; the believers who did not repay Allah?s blessings with ingratitude, and they established prayer and spent of that with which Allah had provided them both in secret and openly.
Some of the blessings that Allah, may He be Glorified and Exalted, bestows upon His creation.
The story of Ibrahim (peace be upon him) and his worshipping Allah, may He be Glorified and Exalted, and shunning the worship of idols; his supplication for abundant provision for his offspring and his beseeching Allah, may He be Glorified and Exalted,; highlighting the mission of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), which is to warn of the Day of Resurrection.
The surah ends with verses of warning; it mentions different types of punishment that are prepared for the wrongdoers; on the Day of Resurrection, Allah will requite each soul for what it earned, and He is swift in reckoning.