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An-Nur - سورة النور
Introduction of Sura


Names:
This surah is called Surat An-Nur.
[194] See: Al-Fayruzabadi: Basa?ir Dhawi At-Tamyiz, 1/334.
The evidence for that includes:
It was narrated that Said ibn Jubayr said: I was asked about the couple who engage in li?an, during the governorship of Mus?ab ? should they be separated? He said: I did not know what to say, so I went to the house of Ibn Umar in Makkah and I said to the slave: Ask for permission for me to enter. He said: He is having a siesta. But he heard my voice and said: Ibn Jubayr? I said: Yes. He said: Come in, for by Allah it can only be some need that has brought you at this hour. So I went in, and saw him resting on a blanket, reclining on a pillow that was stuffed with palm fibres. I said: Abu Abd Ar-Rahman, should a couple who engage in li?an be separated? He said: Subhan-Allah, of course! The first one to ask about this was So and so the son of So and so. He said: O Messenger of Allah, what do you think, if one of us finds his wife committing an immoral action; what should he do? If he speaks, he will be speaking of a serious matter, and if he keeps quiet, he will be keeping quiet about a serious matter. The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) remained silent and did not answer him. Then he came to him after that and said: I have been afflicted with what I asked you about. Then Allah revealed these verses in Surat An-Nur: And those who accuse their wives of adultery ? An-Nur 24:6-9? [195] Narrated by Muslim, 1493.
It was narrated that Abu Is-haq Ash-Shaybani said: I asked ?Abdullah ibn Abi Awfa: Did the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) stone anyone? He said: Yes. I said: Was that after the verse in Surat An-Nur or before it? He said: I do not know. [196] Narrated by Muslim, 1702.

Virtues and characteristics:
It was narrated from one of the senior Companions used to recommend teaching this surah to women.
Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote: Learn Surat Bara?ah and teach your women Surat An-Nur. [197] Narrated by Sa?id ibn Mansur: At-Tafsir, 1003.

Makki or Madani?
Surat An-Nur is Madani. More than one of the commentators narrated that there was consensus regarding that. [198] Those who narrated that there was consensus regarding that include: Ibn Al-Jawzi, Al-Qurtubi and Abu Hayyan. See: Tafsir Ibn Al-Jawzi, 3/275; Tafsir Al-Qurtubi, 12/158; Tafir Abi Hayyan, 8/5.

Objectives:
The most important objectives of this surah include:
Mentioning rulings on chastity and covering. [199] See: Tafsir Al-Qurtubi, 12/158.

Topics:
The most significant topics addressed in Surat An-Nur include:
1-
Affirming that it is obligatory to submit to the rulings and etiquette that were revealed in this surah.
2- The hadd punishment for zina.
3- The punishment for those who slander chaste women.
4- The ruling on slandering wives and the prescription of li?an a process done where the husband accuses the wife of adultery and she denies it, and each swears oaths invoking the curse of Allah if he or she is lying.
5- The story of the slander (Al-ifk).
6- The etiquette of asking permission to enter, and the obligation to avert one?s gaze and guard one?s chastity.
7- Prohibiting women to show their adornment except before those whom Allah, may He be Glorified and Exalted, exempted.
8- The command to arrange marriages for those who are single, men and women.
9- Manifestations of Allah?s might in this universe.
10- Criticising the attitude and behaviour of the hypocrites, and pointing out the bad intentions they were harbouring.
11- Allah's promise to the believers to make them victorious in the land, cause His religion to prevail and grant safety and security after fear.
12- Highlighting the characteristics of the sincere believers.


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